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# Configure Fields

The documents in IDOL server store data in fields. These fields can contain many different types of information. For example, one field might contain the bulk of the document content, and another field might contain only the name of the author.

When you index data into IDOL server, it is important to set up field processes so that IDOL server treats each field correctly.

## Choose Field Properties

Before you set up fields in IDOL server, you must consider the fields in the documents that you want to index.

There are a large number of different field properties that you can apply to IDOL fields. Fields can contain information about the document, or values that you want to retrieve in queries.

For a complete list of the types of fields that you can store in IDOL server, refer to the IDOL Server Administration Guide and IDOL Server Reference.

Fields that contain information about the document
`ReferenceType` | Reference fields contain a unique document reference, which you can use to remove duplicate documents, and to retrieve a specific document. Each document must contain at least one reference field. IDOL server also uses the reference field to populate the `autn:reference` metadata field.
`DateType` | Date fields contain the document date, which IDOL server uses to populate the autn:date metadata field. If a document does not have a date field, IDOL uses the date that the document was indexed.
`TitleType` | Title fields contain the document title, which IDOL server uses to populate the autn:title metadata field.
`DatabaseType` | Database fields contain the IDOL database that IDOL server must index the document into. If the document does not contain a database field, you must specify the database in the index action.
`LanguageType` | Language fields contain the language type of the document, which IDOL server uses to find the appropriate language configuration. IDOL server also uses this field to populate the `autn:languagetype` metadata field.
`SecurityType` | Security fields contain the security type of the document, which IDOL server uses to index the document according to the specified security configuration.
`ACLType` | ACL fields contain document access control lists (ACLs), which determine the access restrictions for that document.
`ExpireDateType` | Expire date fields contain the date that the document expires. On this date, IDOL processes the document according to the expiry rules for the database, for example to delete the document or move it to an archive database. IDOL server also uses this field to populate the `autn:expiredate` metadata field.
`SectionBreakType` | Section break fields contain the section number for a document section, which IDOL server uses to populate the `autn:section` metadata field.
`ParametricType` | Parametric fields contain values that you want to use to restrict queries. In a parametric query, you can return all values that occur in a certain parametric field in all documents.
`ParametricRangeType` | Parametric fields contain values that you want IDOL server to dynamically analyze to generate numeric ranges in parametric queries.
Fields that contain document content
`Index` | Index fields contain document content. IDOL processes these fields linguistically and stores terms to allow fast data retrieval. Typically, you store the document content and title field as index fields. Do not store data as index fields if: you do not need to query the field contents. you query only the whole value of the fields. It is more efficient to store these fields as `MatchType` fields and query the fields using a `FieldText` specifier such as `MATCH`.
`SourceType` | Source fields contain document content that IDOL server uses to create document summaries and suggest conceptually similar documents. If you do not configure source fields, IDOL server uses the configured Index fields.
`LangDetectType` | Language Detection fields contain document content that IDOL server uses to automatically detect the document language. If you do not configure a language detection fields, IDOL server uses the configured source fields.
`HighlightType` | Highlight fields contain document content that IDOL server can highlight when you send the `Highlight` action (or a query action with the `Highlight` parameter set to `true`).
Field properties that optimize FieldText query operators
`MatchType` | See Match Fields
`NumericType` | See Numeric Fields
`NumericDateType` | See Numeric Date Fields
`SortType` | See Sort Fields
Field properties that determine how to display fields
`HiddenType` | Hidden fields do not appear
`PrintType` | Print fields are displayed in a `Query` action when the `Print` parameter is set to `Fields` (the default value).

## Set up Field Processes

To identify properties for different fields, you must define field processes. In a field process, you define:

- the set of fields that the field process applies to

- the property that applies to this process

You can have multiple field processes that share the same property. You must then create a configuration section for each property that you use, and define the field properties.

Note: Use the following formats to identify fields:

- `/FieldName` to match root-level fields

- `*/FieldName` to match all fields except root-level

- `/Path/FieldName` to match fields that the specified path points to.

Field names must not contain spaces nor accents, and they must not start with a number. For IDX documents, IDOL server converts these text elements to underscores (_) when it indexes the fields. You must also change any queries that reference these field names to use the modified field name.

To apply processes to fields or documents that contain specific fields

1. Open the IDOL server configuration file in a text editor.

2. In the `[FieldProcessing]` section, list the processes to apply to fields. For example:

       [FieldProcessing]
       0=IndexFields
       1=DateFields
       2=DatabaseFields
       3=SetReferenceFields

3. Create a configuration section for each process listed.

   - Set `PropertyFieldCSVs` to a comma-separated list of fields that this process applies to.
   - Set `Property` to the name of the property configuration section.

   Note: Each property must have a unique configuration section name.

   - (Optional) Set `PropertyMatch` to a comma-separated list of values that the field must have to be processed. For example, you can use this parameter to set up a process that identifies security or language fields.

   - (Optional) Set `PropertyNegativeFieldCSVs` to a comma-separated list of fields that this process does not apply to. For example, if you use a wildcard value in `PropertyFieldCSVs`, you can define any exceptions in `PropertyNegativeFieldCSVs`.

   For example:

       [IndexFields]
       Property=Index
       PropertyFieldCSVs=*/DRECONTENT,*/DRETITLE

       [DateFields]
       Property=Date
       PropertyFieldCSVs=*/DREDATE,*/harvest_time

       [DatabaseFields]
       Property=Database
       PropertyFieldCSVs=*/DREDBNAME,*/Database*
       PropertyNegativeFieldCSVs=*/DatabaseNumber

       [SetReferenceFields]
       Property=Reference
       PropertyFieldCSVs=*/DREREFERENCE,*/DRETITLE

4. Create a section for each property. Specify appropriate configuration parameters for each property. These configuration parameters define the processes that apply to all the fields (or all documents that contain the fields) that you previously associated with the processes.

   For example:

       [Index]
       Index=TRUE

       [Date]
       DateType=TRUE

       [Database]
       DatabaseType=TRUE

       [Reference]
       ReferenceType=TRUE
       TrimSpaces=TRUE

   Note: For some properties, you must re-index your content if you want to change the property value after you have indexed content into IDOL server.

   For details, refer to the IDOL Server Reference.

5. Save and close the configuration file.

6. Restart IDOL server for your changes to take effect.

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